This book provides insight into the practical design of V.L.S.I. circuits. It is aimed at novice V.L.S.I. designers and other enthusiasts who would like to understand V.L.S.I. design flows. Coverage includes key concepts in C.M.O.S. digital design, design of D.S.P. and communication blocks on F.P.G.A.s, A.S.I.C. front end and physical design, and analog and mixed signal design. The approach is designed to focus on practical implementation of key elements of the V.L.S.I. design process, in order to make the topic accessible to novices. The design concepts are demonstrated using software from Mathworks, Xilinx, Mentor Graphics, Synopsys and Cadence.